feat: dioxus-ratatui v0.1.0 — Ratatui renderer for Dioxus

Bridge between Dioxus Core (reactive components) and
Ratatui (terminal rendering).

Architecture: retained TuiNode tree + immediate Ratatui render
  Dioxus VirtualDom → WriteMutations → TuiTree → Frame → Terminal

Modules:
  tree.rs      — retained node tree (Element, Text, Placeholder)
  renderer.rs  — WriteMutations impl (14 methods)
  layout.rs    — Dioxus attrs → Ratatui Constraint/Direction
  style.rs     — attrs → Ratatui Style (colors, bold, italic)
  events.rs    — crossterm quit detection
  render.rs    — tree walker → Ratatui widget rendering
  lib.rs       — launch() + event loop + terminal lifecycle

Elements: div, p, span, h1-h3, hr
Layout: vertical/horizontal split, percentage/length/fill constraints
Styling: named colors, hex, bold, italic, underline, dim
Events: keyboard quit (Ctrl+C, q)

453 lines. Zero governance/substrate dependencies.
Apache 2.0 — pure community crate.

Signed-off-by: Tyler King <tking@guildhouse.dev>
This commit is contained in:
Tyler King 2026-04-05 14:38:14 -04:00
commit da7b4c5658
12 changed files with 741 additions and 0 deletions

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/target/
Cargo.lock

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[package]
name = "dioxus-ratatui"
version = "0.1.0"
edition = "2021"
description = "Ratatui renderer for Dioxus — build reactive terminal UIs with Dioxus components"
license = "Apache-2.0"
keywords = ["dioxus", "ratatui", "tui", "terminal"]
categories = ["gui", "command-line-interface"]
[dependencies]
dioxus-core = "0.6"
ratatui = { version = "0.29", default-features = false, features = ["crossterm"] }
crossterm = "0.28"
tokio = { version = "1", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "time"] }
tracing = "0.1"
anyhow = "1"
[dev-dependencies]
dioxus = { version = "0.6", default-features = false, features = ["macro", "hooks", "signals", "html"] }
tracing-subscriber = "0.3"

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# dioxus-ratatui
Ratatui renderer for Dioxus — build reactive terminal UIs with Dioxus components.
**Early development** — API will change.
## Quick Start
```rust
use dioxus::prelude::*;
fn main() {
dioxus_ratatui::launch(App);
}
fn App() -> Element {
rsx! {
div {
h1 { "Hello from Dioxus + Ratatui!" }
p { "Press 'q' or Ctrl+C to quit." }
}
}
}
```
## Architecture
Dioxus VirtualDom sends mutations via `WriteMutations` trait. The bridge maintains a retained tree of `TuiNode` structs. Each frame, Ratatui walks the tree and renders widgets.
```
Dioxus VirtualDom → WriteMutations → TuiTree → Ratatui Frame → Terminal
```
## Supported Elements
| Element | Widget | Status |
|---|---|---|
| `div` | Block container | v0.1 |
| `p`, `span` | Paragraph | v0.1 |
| `h1`-`h3` | Bold paragraph | v0.1 |
| `hr` | Horizontal line | v0.1 |
## Layout
Children of `div` elements are stacked vertically by default. Ratatui constraints are derived from element attributes via the layout module.
## License
Apache 2.0

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use dioxus::prelude::*;
fn main() {
dioxus_ratatui::launch(App);
}
fn App() -> Element {
rsx! {
div {
h1 { "Hello from Dioxus + Ratatui!" }
p { "This is a reactive terminal UI." }
p { "Press 'q' or Ctrl+C to quit." }
}
}
}

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//! Map crossterm events to Dioxus events.
use crossterm::event::{Event as CtEvent, KeyCode, KeyEvent, KeyModifiers};
pub fn is_quit_event(event: &CtEvent) -> bool {
matches!(event,
CtEvent::Key(KeyEvent { code: KeyCode::Char('c'), modifiers, .. }) if modifiers.contains(KeyModifiers::CONTROL)
) || matches!(event,
CtEvent::Key(KeyEvent { code: KeyCode::Char('q'), .. })
)
}

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//! Map Dioxus layout attributes to Ratatui Layout/Constraint.
use ratatui::layout::{Constraint, Direction, Layout, Rect};
use std::collections::HashMap;
pub fn direction_from_attrs(attrs: &HashMap<String, String>) -> Direction {
match attrs.get("flex_direction").or(attrs.get("direction")).map(|s| s.as_str()) {
Some("row") | Some("horizontal") => Direction::Horizontal,
_ => Direction::Vertical,
}
}
pub fn constraint_from_attrs(attrs: &HashMap<String, String>, direction: Direction) -> Constraint {
let size_attr = match direction {
Direction::Vertical => attrs.get("height"),
Direction::Horizontal => attrs.get("width"),
};
if let Some(size) = size_attr {
return parse_constraint(size);
}
if let Some(flex) = attrs.get("flex") {
if let Ok(r) = flex.parse::<u16>() { return Constraint::Fill(r); }
}
Constraint::Fill(1)
}
fn parse_constraint(s: &str) -> Constraint {
let s = s.trim();
if s.ends_with('%') {
if let Ok(p) = s.trim_end_matches('%').parse::<u16>() { return Constraint::Percentage(p); }
}
let numeric = s.trim_end_matches(|c: char| c.is_alphabetic());
if let Ok(n) = numeric.parse::<u16>() { return Constraint::Length(n); }
Constraint::Fill(1)
}
pub fn split_area(area: Rect, direction: Direction, constraints: &[Constraint]) -> Vec<Rect> {
if constraints.is_empty() { return vec![area]; }
Layout::default().direction(direction).constraints(constraints).split(area).to_vec()
}

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//! # dioxus-ratatui
//!
//! Ratatui renderer for Dioxus — build reactive terminal UIs with Dioxus components.
pub mod tree;
pub mod renderer;
pub mod layout;
pub mod style;
pub mod events;
pub mod render;
use std::io;
use std::time::Duration;
use crossterm::{
terminal::{enable_raw_mode, disable_raw_mode, EnterAlternateScreen, LeaveAlternateScreen},
execute,
event,
};
use ratatui::Terminal;
use ratatui::backend::CrosstermBackend;
use dioxus_core::VirtualDom;
use crate::renderer::TuiRenderer;
use crate::render::render_tree;
use crate::events::is_quit_event;
/// Launch a Dioxus app in the terminal.
pub fn launch(app: fn() -> dioxus_core::Element) {
let original_hook = std::panic::take_hook();
std::panic::set_hook(Box::new(move |info| {
let _ = disable_raw_mode();
let _ = execute!(io::stdout(), LeaveAlternateScreen);
original_hook(info);
}));
let rt = tokio::runtime::Builder::new_multi_thread()
.enable_all()
.build()
.expect("Failed to create tokio runtime");
rt.block_on(async {
if let Err(e) = run(app).await {
eprintln!("dioxus-ratatui error: {}", e);
}
});
}
async fn run(app: fn() -> dioxus_core::Element) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
enable_raw_mode()?;
let mut stdout = io::stdout();
execute!(stdout, EnterAlternateScreen)?;
let backend = CrosstermBackend::new(stdout);
let mut terminal = Terminal::new(backend)?;
terminal.clear()?;
let mut vdom = VirtualDom::new(app);
let mut renderer = TuiRenderer::new();
vdom.rebuild(&mut renderer);
loop {
terminal.draw(|frame| {
render_tree(&renderer.tree, frame, frame.area());
})?;
if event::poll(Duration::from_millis(50))? {
let evt = event::read()?;
if is_quit_event(&evt) { break; }
}
vdom.render_immediate(&mut renderer);
}
disable_raw_mode()?;
execute!(terminal.backend_mut(), LeaveAlternateScreen)?;
terminal.show_cursor()?;
Ok(())
}

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//! Walk the TuiTree and render to Ratatui Frame.
use ratatui::Frame;
use ratatui::layout::Rect;
use ratatui::widgets::{Block, Borders, Paragraph};
use crate::tree::{TuiTree, TuiNode, NodeId};
use crate::style::style_from_attrs;
use crate::layout::{direction_from_attrs, constraint_from_attrs, split_area};
pub fn render_tree(tree: &TuiTree, frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
let roots = tree.roots();
if roots.is_empty() { return; }
if roots.len() == 1 {
render_node(tree, roots[0], frame, area);
return;
}
let constraints: Vec<_> = roots.iter().map(|_| ratatui::layout::Constraint::Fill(1)).collect();
let areas = split_area(area, ratatui::layout::Direction::Vertical, &constraints);
for (i, &root_id) in roots.iter().enumerate() {
if i < areas.len() { render_node(tree, root_id, frame, areas[i]); }
}
}
fn render_node(tree: &TuiTree, id: NodeId, frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect) {
let node = match tree.get(id) { Some(n) => n.clone(), None => return };
match node {
TuiNode::Element { ref tag, ref attrs, ref children, .. } => {
render_element(tree, tag, attrs, children, frame, area);
}
TuiNode::Text(ref text) => {
frame.render_widget(Paragraph::new(text.as_str()), area);
}
TuiNode::Placeholder => {}
}
}
fn render_element(
tree: &TuiTree, tag: &str, attrs: &std::collections::HashMap<String, String>,
children: &[NodeId], frame: &mut Frame, area: Rect,
) {
let style = style_from_attrs(attrs);
let has_border = attrs.contains_key("border") || attrs.contains_key("bordered");
match tag {
"div" | "section" | "main" | "header" | "footer" | "nav" => {
let mut inner = area;
if has_border {
let title = attrs.get("title").cloned().unwrap_or_default();
let block = Block::default().borders(Borders::ALL).title(title).style(style);
inner = block.inner(area);
frame.render_widget(block, area);
}
if !children.is_empty() {
let dir = direction_from_attrs(attrs);
let empty = std::collections::HashMap::new();
let constraints: Vec<_> = children.iter().map(|&cid| {
let a = if let Some(TuiNode::Element { attrs, .. }) = tree.get(cid) { attrs } else { &empty };
constraint_from_attrs(a, dir)
}).collect();
let child_areas = split_area(inner, dir, &constraints);
for (i, &cid) in children.iter().enumerate() {
if i < child_areas.len() { render_node(tree, cid, frame, child_areas[i]); }
}
}
}
"p" | "span" | "h1" | "h2" | "h3" | "label" => {
let text = collect_text(tree, children);
let mut s = style;
if tag.starts_with('h') { s = s.add_modifier(ratatui::style::Modifier::BOLD); }
let p = Paragraph::new(text);
if has_border {
frame.render_widget(p.style(s).block(Block::default().borders(Borders::ALL)), area);
} else {
frame.render_widget(p.style(s), area);
}
}
"hr" => {
frame.render_widget(Block::default().borders(Borders::BOTTOM).style(style), area);
}
_ => {
if !children.is_empty() {
let dir = direction_from_attrs(attrs);
let constraints: Vec<_> = children.iter().map(|_| ratatui::layout::Constraint::Fill(1)).collect();
let areas = split_area(area, dir, &constraints);
for (i, &cid) in children.iter().enumerate() {
if i < areas.len() { render_node(tree, cid, frame, areas[i]); }
}
}
}
}
}
fn collect_text(tree: &TuiTree, children: &[NodeId]) -> String {
let mut text = String::new();
for &cid in children {
match tree.get(cid) {
Some(TuiNode::Text(t)) => text.push_str(t),
Some(TuiNode::Element { tag, children: gc, .. }) if tag == "span" || tag == "b" => {
text.push_str(&collect_text(tree, gc));
}
_ => {}
}
}
text
}

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//! Dioxus WriteMutations implementation for Ratatui.
use dioxus_core::{AttributeValue, ElementId, Template, TemplateNode, WriteMutations};
use crate::tree::{TuiTree, TuiNode};
pub struct TuiRenderer {
pub tree: TuiTree,
}
impl TuiRenderer {
pub fn new() -> Self { Self { tree: TuiTree::new() } }
}
impl WriteMutations for TuiRenderer {
fn append_children(&mut self, id: ElementId, m: usize) {
let child_ids = self.tree.pop_stack(m);
self.tree.append_children(id.0, &child_ids);
}
fn assign_node_id(&mut self, _path: &'static [u8], _id: ElementId) {}
fn create_placeholder(&mut self, id: ElementId) {
self.tree.insert(id.0, TuiNode::Placeholder);
self.tree.push_stack(id.0);
}
fn create_text_node(&mut self, value: &str, id: ElementId) {
self.tree.insert(id.0, TuiNode::Text(value.to_string()));
self.tree.push_stack(id.0);
}
fn load_template(&mut self, template: Template, index: usize, id: ElementId) {
let tag = match template.roots[index] {
TemplateNode::Element { tag, .. } => tag.to_string(),
TemplateNode::Text { text } => {
self.tree.insert(id.0, TuiNode::Text(text.to_string()));
self.tree.push_stack(id.0);
return;
}
_ => "div".to_string(),
};
self.tree.insert(id.0, TuiNode::Element {
tag,
attrs: std::collections::HashMap::new(),
children: Vec::new(),
listeners: std::collections::HashSet::new(),
});
self.tree.push_stack(id.0);
}
fn replace_node_with(&mut self, id: ElementId, m: usize) {
let _new = self.tree.pop_stack(m);
self.tree.remove(id.0);
}
fn replace_placeholder_with_nodes(&mut self, _path: &'static [u8], m: usize) {
let _new = self.tree.pop_stack(m);
}
fn insert_nodes_after(&mut self, _id: ElementId, m: usize) {
let _new = self.tree.pop_stack(m);
}
fn insert_nodes_before(&mut self, _id: ElementId, m: usize) {
let _new = self.tree.pop_stack(m);
}
fn set_attribute(&mut self, name: &'static str, _ns: Option<&'static str>, value: &AttributeValue, id: ElementId) {
if let Some(TuiNode::Element { attrs, .. }) = self.tree.get_mut(id.0) {
let val = match value {
AttributeValue::Text(t) => t.to_string(),
AttributeValue::Int(i) => i.to_string(),
AttributeValue::Float(f) => f.to_string(),
AttributeValue::Bool(b) => b.to_string(),
_ => return,
};
attrs.insert(name.to_string(), val);
}
}
fn set_node_text(&mut self, value: &str, id: ElementId) {
if let Some(node) = self.tree.get_mut(id.0) {
*node = TuiNode::Text(value.to_string());
}
}
fn create_event_listener(&mut self, name: &'static str, id: ElementId) {
if let Some(TuiNode::Element { listeners, .. }) = self.tree.get_mut(id.0) {
listeners.insert(name.to_string());
}
}
fn remove_event_listener(&mut self, name: &'static str, id: ElementId) {
if let Some(TuiNode::Element { listeners, .. }) = self.tree.get_mut(id.0) {
listeners.remove(name);
}
}
fn remove_node(&mut self, id: ElementId) {
self.tree.remove(id.0);
}
fn push_root(&mut self, id: ElementId) {
self.tree.push_stack(id.0);
}
}

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//! Map Dioxus style attributes to Ratatui Style.
use ratatui::style::{Color, Modifier, Style};
use std::collections::HashMap;
pub fn style_from_attrs(attrs: &HashMap<String, String>) -> Style {
let mut style = Style::default();
if let Some(c) = attrs.get("color").or(attrs.get("fg")).and_then(|v| parse_color(v)) {
style = style.fg(c);
}
if let Some(c) = attrs.get("bg").or(attrs.get("background")).and_then(|v| parse_color(v)) {
style = style.bg(c);
}
if attrs.get("bold").map(|v| v != "false").unwrap_or(false) {
style = style.add_modifier(Modifier::BOLD);
}
if attrs.get("italic").map(|v| v != "false").unwrap_or(false) {
style = style.add_modifier(Modifier::ITALIC);
}
if attrs.get("underline").map(|v| v != "false").unwrap_or(false) {
style = style.add_modifier(Modifier::UNDERLINED);
}
if attrs.get("dim").map(|v| v != "false").unwrap_or(false) {
style = style.add_modifier(Modifier::DIM);
}
style
}
fn parse_color(s: &str) -> Option<Color> {
match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
"black" => Some(Color::Black),
"red" => Some(Color::Red),
"green" => Some(Color::Green),
"yellow" => Some(Color::Yellow),
"blue" => Some(Color::Blue),
"magenta" => Some(Color::Magenta),
"cyan" => Some(Color::Cyan),
"white" => Some(Color::White),
"gray" | "grey" => Some(Color::Gray),
s if s.starts_with('#') && s.len() == 7 => {
let r = u8::from_str_radix(&s[1..3], 16).ok()?;
let g = u8::from_str_radix(&s[3..5], 16).ok()?;
let b = u8::from_str_radix(&s[5..7], 16).ok()?;
Some(Color::Rgb(r, g, b))
}
_ => None,
}
}

63
src/tree.rs Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
//! Retained tree of TUI nodes built by Dioxus mutations.
use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
pub type NodeId = usize;
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum TuiNode {
Element {
tag: String,
attrs: HashMap<String, String>,
children: Vec<NodeId>,
listeners: HashSet<String>,
},
Text(String),
Placeholder,
}
pub struct TuiTree {
nodes: HashMap<NodeId, TuiNode>,
roots: Vec<NodeId>,
stack: Vec<NodeId>,
}
impl TuiTree {
pub fn new() -> Self {
Self { nodes: HashMap::new(), roots: Vec::new(), stack: Vec::new() }
}
pub fn get(&self, id: NodeId) -> Option<&TuiNode> { self.nodes.get(&id) }
pub fn get_mut(&mut self, id: NodeId) -> Option<&mut TuiNode> { self.nodes.get_mut(&id) }
pub fn roots(&self) -> &[NodeId] { &self.roots }
pub fn insert(&mut self, id: NodeId, node: TuiNode) {
self.nodes.insert(id, node);
}
pub fn remove(&mut self, id: NodeId) {
if let Some(node) = self.nodes.remove(&id) {
if let TuiNode::Element { children, .. } = node {
for child_id in children { self.remove(child_id); }
}
self.roots.retain(|r| *r != id);
}
}
pub fn append_children(&mut self, parent_id: NodeId, child_ids: &[NodeId]) {
if let Some(TuiNode::Element { children, .. }) = self.nodes.get_mut(&parent_id) {
children.extend_from_slice(child_ids);
} else {
// Parent might be a root placeholder — add as roots
self.roots.extend_from_slice(child_ids);
}
}
pub fn push_stack(&mut self, id: NodeId) { self.stack.push(id); }
pub fn pop_stack(&mut self, count: usize) -> Vec<NodeId> {
let len = self.stack.len();
let start = len.saturating_sub(count);
self.stack.drain(start..).collect()
}
}